In 1675 Leibniz, a German mathematician, employed the same method, which he termed differential calculus. Newton also concluded that white light is a blend of colors that can be observed when light is passed through a prism.ĭuring the period 1665-1669, Newton developed his "method of fluxions" which served to unify mathematical techniques and led to the 1666 development of calculus. His attempt to solve this problem resulted in the development of the reflecting telescope. His lens making activities led him to notice a problem with chromatic aberration. Newton had been grinding his own lenses for several years in an effort to produce an improved telescope.
His first work in this position was on optics. In 1667, when the college reopened, Newton was offered a position as Lucasian Professor at the age of 27. Newton returned to his home in Lincolnshire and in two years put forth innovative theories in mathematics, optics, physics, and astronomy. It was during this time, ironically, that Newton's scientific gift emerged. In 1665, Newton's studies were interrupted by the closure of Trinity College because of an outbreak of plague. While at Trinity, Newton studied philosophy, mathematics, mechanics, astronomy, and law. An uncle saw promise in Newton, prepared him for the university, and enrolled him at Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1661. Reports of his academic progress characterize Isaac as "idle" and "inattentive," which led to his being removed from school altogether by his mother. His mother remarried, leaving him with his grandmother to be educated in Lincolnshire. Newton is thought to have been born on Christmas day in 1642, a short time after the death of his father. Newton, like Galileo, owed the formation of several of his discoveries to a period of self-study and scientific observation unencumbered by structured or formal education. Newton's three laws of motion are considered basic to any physics student's education. He also is considered one of the inventors of calculus along with German mathematician Gottfried Willhelm von Leibniz. In addition to his extensive work in optics, Newton is perhaps best known for his theory of universal gravitation. Many of his discoveries and theories in the areas of light, color, and optics form the basis for current scientific thought in these disciplines. Sir Isaac Newton, who was ironically born the same year that Galileo died, is popularly known as one of history's greatest scientists. Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics and You - Timeline - Sir Isaac Newton
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